Introduces regression-based empirical methods and statistical inference, building practical skills for analysing economic datasets. Topics typically include model specification, estimation, and hypothesis testing.

Applies economic analysis to environmental problems such as pollution and climate change. The module examines market failure, valuation, and policy instruments including taxes, regulation, and cap-and-trade.

Develops research design skills, including question formulation, theory testing, and methodological choices. Students learn how to design credible quantitative and qualitative studies and evaluate empirical claims.

Provides a structured introduction to microeconomic principles with emphasis on optimisation and market equilibrium. The course links theory to real-world examples of consumer behaviour, firms, and market outcomes.

Introduces macroeconomic frameworks for output, inflation, unemployment, and policy stabilisation. Students learn how shocks propagate through the economy and how fiscal and monetary policy affect aggregate outcomes.

Explores behavioural deviations from standard rational choice models using psychological insights and experimental evidence. Applications include saving, consumption, labour supply, and policy design.

Continues econometric theory with deeper focus on advanced estimation methods and inference. The module typically covers topics such as maximum likelihood, GMM, hypothesis testing frameworks, and asymptotic distribution theory.

Provides rigorous treatment of econometric theory underpinning estimation and inference. Topics typically include asymptotic theory, consistency, efficiency, and properties of estimators.

Investigates empirical anomalies in asset prices and their implications for portfolio management. The module connects behavioural finance, limits to arbitrage, and practical asset management strategies.

Introduces microeconomic analysis of consumer choice and firm behaviour under constraints. The module develops core tools—preferences, production, market equilibrium, and welfare—to analyse prices, incentives, and policy interventions.

Provides an overview of political science approaches to institutions, behaviour, and political processes. The module covers core concepts and methods used to study domestic and comparative politics.

Applies corporate finance tools to real valuation and financing decisions. Topics often include capital budgeting, capital structure, payout policy, and mergers, using case-based and quantitative analysis.

Examines the structure of financial systems and the sources of financial instability. The module analyses banking, regulation, systemic risk, and the economic mechanisms behind crises.

Develops analytical approaches for management decisions using data, metrics, and modern business analytics. Students learn how organisations use big data for strategy, performance, and operational improvement.

Covers intermediate econometric methods beyond basic regression, including endogeneity, instrumental variables, and panel or limited dependent variable techniques. Emphasis is placed on causal interpretation and applied implementation.

Examines theories and evidence on democratic institutions and democratic transitions. The module explores measurement of democracy, regime change, and the conditions supporting democratic consolidation.

Extends macroeconomics to intermediate models of growth, business cycles, and policy rules. The module engages with dynamic frameworks used to analyse stabilisation, inflation, and employment.

Builds econometric competence by linking theoretical foundations with applied implementation. The module develops regression-based methods and inference with practical examples for management and social science applications.

Introduces frameworks for analysing and evaluating public policy. The module covers policy design, implementation constraints, and evidence-based evaluation using case studies.

Examines labour markets, wage determination, human capital, discrimination, and unemployment. The module combines theoretical models with empirical evidence to assess labour market policies and institutions.

Explores theoretical foundations of corporate finance including agency problems, information asymmetries, and capital structure theory. The module links formal models to observed corporate behaviour.

Develops intermediate econometric tools for causal analysis, often including instrumental variables, panel methods, and limited dependent variable models. Students learn to diagnose and address empirical identification challenges.

Provides an introduction to finance, covering asset pricing intuition, portfolio choice, and financial markets. Students learn how risk is measured, priced, and managed in investment contexts.

Introduces core finance concepts including time value of money, risk and return, and basic valuation. The module builds foundations for corporate finance and investments through applied problem-solving.

Extends finance principles to advanced asset pricing and empirical finance topics. The module deepens understanding of market efficiency, factor models, and risk management applications.

Studies monetary theory and the role of money, banking, and central banks in macroeconomic fluctuations. Topics include monetary transmission, inflation dynamics, and policy frameworks for stabilisation.

Analyses firm behaviour and market structure using industrial organisation theory. Topics include pricing, product differentiation, entry, mergers, and competition policy.

Studies macroeconomic interactions across countries, focusing on exchange rates, capital flows, and external adjustment. The module examines policy under different regimes and the international transmission of shocks.

Develops intermediate microeconomic theory, typically covering choice under uncertainty, intertemporal decision-making, and general equilibrium. Applications address market power, externalities, and welfare analysis.

Develops quantitative tools used in finance, including probability, optimisation, and statistical modelling. Applications include portfolio analysis, risk measurement, and empirical finance.

Develops foundational finance theory, focusing on risk–return trade-offs, portfolio theory, and core asset pricing ideas. Problem sets build competence in valuation and financial reasoning.

Explores governance and policy issues raised by data science, algorithms, and AI in the public sphere. Topics include regulation, accountability, bias, privacy, and the politics of digital infrastructure.

Applies economic reasoning to public policy problems such as taxation, regulation, and government intervention. The module emphasises evidence-based evaluation of policy trade-offs, distributional impacts, and incentives.

Focuses on practical challenges in empirical research, including identification, model selection, and robustness. Students evaluate real applications and learn strategies to produce credible causal evidence.

Introduces analytical and formal approaches to politics, including rational choice models of voting, collective action, and institutions. Students learn to use strategic reasoning to explain political outcomes.

Analyses the economic role of government, focusing on taxation, public goods, externalities, and redistribution. The module evaluates efficiency–equity trade-offs and empirical evidence on behavioural responses.

Introduces central concepts in political theory such as liberty, justice, equality, and authority. Students engage with classic and contemporary texts to analyse normative arguments.

Examines how political institutions and incentives shape economic policy and outcomes. The module connects economic models with political processes such as voting, lobbying, and state capacity.

Analyses the causes and consequences of international trade using modern theory and evidence. Topics often include firm heterogeneity, trade policy, global value chains, and welfare effects of openness.

Builds foundations in regression analysis and statistical inference for economic data. Topics include estimation, hypothesis testing, and interpreting empirical relationships with attention to common pitfalls in applied work.

Develops advanced macroeconomic models used in modern research, often including dynamic stochastic general equilibrium frameworks. The module analyses policy, expectations, and shocks in explaining aggregate fluctuations.

Studies economic development with focus on poverty, inequality, institutions, and policy interventions. The module draws on theory and evidence from low- and middle-income countries to evaluate development strategies.

Covers advanced empirical methods used in modern applied research, such as panel data techniques, causal inference, and flexible estimation approaches. Emphasis is placed on implementation and interpretation in substantive applications.

Introduces game theory and strategic behaviour in economic settings. The module covers equilibrium concepts and applies them to bargaining, auctions, oligopoly, and coordination problems.

Applies economic principles to business strategy, pricing, and competitive behaviour in market environments.

Continues applied economics themes with emphasis on policy evaluation and empirical methods.

Examines aggregate economic behaviour including output determination, inflation, and policy stabilisation using introductory macroeconomic models.

Intermediate macroeconomic analysis of growth, cycles, and stabilisation policy.

Condensed international economics emphasising trade and finance models.

Condensed intermediate treatment integrating microeconomic and macroeconomic analysis with emphasis on applications.

Examines market structure, firm behaviour, and competition using industrial organisation theory.

Introduces econometric modelling and regression analysis for empirical economic research.

Examines policy design and implementation processes within political and institutional contexts.

Explores selected applied economic issues using empirical evidence and policy analysis.

Introduces foundational microeconomic and macroeconomic concepts, emphasising analytical reasoning and real-world application.

Condensed intermediate microeconomics emphasising consumer theory, production, and welfare analysis.

Provides matrix algebra techniques supporting quantitative economic modelling and econometrics.

Develops research design and methodological skills for economic analysis including qualitative and quantitative approaches.

Analyses labour market behaviour, wage determination, and employment policy.

Develops dynamic optimisation and differential equation methods for economic modelling.

Examines trade theory, exchange rates, and global financial integration.

Provides an introduction to economic reasoning, covering consumer choice, firm behaviour, and macroeconomic performance. Students learn to apply basic models to contemporary policy questions.

Condensed industrial economics focusing on strategic firm behaviour.

Examines modern trade theory, policy instruments, and empirical patterns of global commerce with emphasis on firm-level trade and welfare effects.

Examines monetary systems, banking behaviour, and policy frameworks influencing financial stability.

Explores selected applied economics themes using empirical research and policy evaluation.

Integrates intermediate microeconomic and macroeconomic analysis to deepen theoretical and empirical understanding.

Explores development challenges including poverty, inequality, and structural change using theoretical and empirical approaches.

Examines environmental policy, resource allocation, and sustainability challenges.

Applies microeconomic tools to managerial decision-making and business strategy.

Examines the evolution of the global economy through historical and theoretical perspectives. The module explores trade, industrialisation, and institutional change shaping international economic development.

Introduces econometric methods for micro-level data including discrete choice, panel models, and causal inference.

Advanced development economics topics with emphasis on empirical evaluation.

Provides condensed econometric training focusing on empirical modelling and data analysis.

Condensed research module emphasising empirical analysis.

Condensed applied macroeconomics focusing on empirical macro analysis.

Develops intermediate macroeconomic models of growth, business cycles, and policy stabilisation.

Provides condensed intermediate macroeconomic analysis focusing on output, inflation, and policy dynamics.

Introduces macroeconomic theory of output, inflation, and policy intervention in modern economies.

Introduces mathematical methods for economic modelling including optimisation and static analysis.

Builds on development themes with focus on policy evaluation and empirical research.

Condensed microeconometrics module emphasising empirical modelling and causal analysis.

Examines corporate finance decisions including capital structure and valuation.

Examines historical evolution of the global economic system during the twentieth century.

Examines public policy using economic theory including taxation, welfare, and regulation.

Introduces microeconomic models of consumer behaviour, firm decision-making, and market interaction.

Develops mathematical methods used in economics, including calculus, optimisation, and dynamic modelling.

Introduces time-series econometric methods including ARIMA and forecasting.

Condensed data science module emphasising programming and empirical workflows.

Introduces computational tools, machine learning, and data analysis techniques for economic research.

Intermediate microeconomics covering consumer theory, production, and market equilibrium.

Condensed behavioural economics focusing on experimental and applied insights.

Condensed labour economics focusing on empirical labour market analysis.

Examines behavioural foundations of economic decision-making with applications to policy and market outcomes.

Studies determinants of long-run growth and development using theoretical and empirical approaches.

Provides supervised research experience applying economic methods to policy questions.

Extends statistical methods with regression analysis and econometric foundations for applied economics.

Examines environmental externalities, resource allocation, and policy instruments addressing sustainability challenges.

Examines advanced firm strategy and market competition using industrial organisation frameworks.

Introduces consumer and producer theory, market equilibrium, and welfare analysis. The module builds analytical foundations for intermediate microeconomics.